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It's Not a Home Field Advantage, it's a Road Team Disadvantage

June 24, 2010

            So I have like ten articles half-written, and I can’t finish anything.   Literally ten articles, now that I count them; I had promised to write ten pieces for BJOL by the end of July, and by coincidence I have ten pieces here half-written.    Let me choose the simplest and least complicated of them, and actually finish it.

           

            Does the performance of a team on a home stand or a road trip vary with the length of the home stand or road trip?   Does a team that has a nine-game road trip tend to play worse, on the ninth game of that road trip, than they did in the first game?   If so, how much worse?

            I took all games in the major leagues in the years 2000 to 2009, and identified each by its position on a home stand or road trip—H1 is the first game of a homestand, R4 is the fourth game of a road trip, etc.    This is the performance of all teams during the decade in the first games of home stands:

 

Games

3,669

Wins

1,978

Losses

1,689

Ties

2

Winning Pct

.539

Runs Scored 

18,013

Runs Per Game

4.91

Allowed

17,371

Allowed Per Game

4.73

 

            Whereas this is the performance of all teams in the seventh games of home stands:

 

Games

2,874

Wins

1,556

Losses

1,318

Winning Pct

.541

Runs Scored 

13,781

Runs Per Game

4.8

Allowed

13,408

Allowed Per Game

4.67

Allowed Per Game

4.73

 

            There is little difference.   The data shows little reason to believe that the home field advantage is meaningfully different late in a home stand, versus early in the home stand:

 

HS Game

Group Ct

Group W

Group L

Group W Pct

Group R

Group OR

Group RPG

Group ORPG

1

3669

1978

1689

.539

18013

17371

4.91

4.73

2

3653

2031

1622

.556

17659

17032

4.83

4.66

3

3611

1937

1673

.537

16989

16672

4.70

4.62

4

3172

1721

1450

.543

15494

14670

4.88

4.62

5

3039

1643

1395

.541

14650

14335

4.82

4.72

6

2874

1556

1318

.541

13781

13408

4.80

4.67

7

1625

870

755

.535

7925

7779

4.88

4.79

8

969

538

431

.555

4841

4557

5.00

4.70

9

835

448

387

.537

3876

3851

4.64

4.61

10

458

246

212

.537

2296

2197

5.01

4.80

11

177

101

76

.571

932

827

5.27

4.67

12

123

59

64

.480

562

609

4.57

4.95

13

67

33

34

.493

327

360

4.88

5.37

14

10

4

6

.400

47

39

4.70

3.90

15

3

2

1

.667

5

5

1.67

1.67

16

3

1

2

.333

12

17

4.00

5.67

17

2

1

1

.500

19

13

9.50

6.50

18

1

0

1

.000

4

8

4.00

8.00

Home Total

24291

13169

11117

.542

117432

113750

4.83

4.68

 

            Apart from the interesting spike upward on the second day of the home stand, about which we’ll say more later, there is little reason to believe that teams get better or worse as home stands extend.   The home field advantage is what it is.

 

            Whereas there does appear to be some reason to believe that road trips are. . .well, roadier. . .as the trip lengthens:

 

Road Trip Game

Group Ct

Group W

Group L

Group W Pct

Group R

Group OR

Group RPG

Group ORPG

1

3673

1699

1973

.463

17456

17819

4.75

4.85

2

3651

1648

2003

.451

17275

17882

4.73

4.90

3

3596

1669

1926

.464

16854

17099

4.69

4.76

4

3186

1511

1673

.475

15024

15389

4.72

4.83

5

3066

1400

1666

.457

14371

14842

4.69

4.84

6

2922

1308

1614

.448

13308

13937

4.55

4.77

7

1600

714

885

.447

7335

7912

4.58

4.95

8

965

433

532

.449

4463

4688

4.62

4.86

9

834

377

457

.452

3937

3990

4.72

4.78

10

464

210

254

.453

2229

2275

4.80

4.90

11

167

71

96

.425

789

807

4.72

4.83

12

105

48

57

.457

455

506

4.33

4.82

13

49

23

26

.469

211

220

4.31

4.49

14

10

4

6

.400

33

56

3.30

5.60

15

1

1

0

1.000

5

2

5.00

2.00

16

1

1

0

1.000

4

1

4.00

1.00

17

1

0

1

.000

1

7

1.00

7.00

 

24291

11117

13169

.458

113750

117432

4.68

4.83

 

            The winning percentage of teams in the first four games of a road trip is .463.  The winning percentage of teams which have been on the road more than four games is .451.   It’s not a huge difference, but there are more than 10,000 games in each group, so it could be statistically significant; I don’t know.   I could figure it, but I’m having a hard enough time finishing articles without that.

            OK, I figured it.  It’s not statistically significant.   A difference of that magnitude could result from chance.  How do we resolve this?

            Let’s do another decade.   In the 1990s, the winning percentage of teams in the first four games of a road trip was .467.  After the first four games, it was .463.

            In the 1980s, it was .460 for the first four games of a road trip, and .460 after the first four games of a road trip. 

 

            I give up.  There’s nothing much going on there.  You can believe what you want to believe, but there is no clear proof, within this data, that the road team performs worse as the trip wears on.  It would have been a cool thing to demonstrate, because suppose the data showed that teams played .490 baseball in the first few games of a road trip, but .440 late in the road trip, whereas the “home stand” data was flat.   Then we could argue that the data showed that the real difference wasn’t being at home, it was being on the road, and then we could say “It’s not a home field advantage; it’s a road team disadvantage.”

            I decided to say that anyway; the data doesn’t support the conclusion, but I still like the concept.   Also, it would be a cool thing to know because, since nobody else would know it, you could probably make money betting against teams that were late in a long road trip. . .I couldn’t; I’d get fired.   But maybe you could.

           

            The data above shows that teams play poorly in the second game of a road trip, which makes intuitive sense, as that’s the day that Jet Lag kicks in.   Unfortunately, the 1980s/1990s data doesn’t support that, either; in the 1980s, teams had a .443 winning percentage in the first games of road trips, but .463 in the second games.   Same thing with the home-field percentage spiking upward in the second game.  In both the 1980s and 1990s, teams played less well in the second games of home stands than in the first.   It was just a random anomaly.

 

            Oh well.   At least we know. 

 

            Nine articles to go.  

 
 

COMMENTS (9 Comments, most recent shown first)

craigomaniac
I would be interested in seeing how teams do after playing an extra inning game and then having to travel and play the next day. The Mets recently played in Puerto Rico, there was a rain delay and they played extra innings so the game ended after midnight. After the game they had to fly up to Washington that same day and play the Nationals. The pitching matchup was Johan Santana against Livan Hernandez, which ordinarily, as a Mets fan, I would normally have chalked up as a probable win. Johan pitched great but the Mets offense was not there and they lost 2-1. My guess is that the pitching is not as effected, but offenses will play poorly in a situation like this. Last year's playoff between the Twins and Yanks was another example where MIN needed extra innings to beat DET in that fantastic game but then had to go to NY the next (same? I don't remember) day. They were more than 4 to 1 underdogs and lost.
11:37 AM Jul 3rd
 
rtallia
Are travel schedules crazier now then they were in the 1980s? Perhaps that might account for the difference?
10:47 AM Jun 25th
 
tangotiger
Phil Birnbaum had some study, or link to a study, about records based on time zones travelled. You can check his blog for it.
4:13 PM Jun 24th
 
RangeFactor
Would be interesting to see (I don't have the data to analyze this myself) if east coast teams traveling to the west coast, or vice versa, have poorer records than teams making shorter road trips (i.e. Philadelphia at New York).
2:26 PM Jun 24th
 
bjames
What shows up in my data as an 18-game home stand turns out to be a before-and-after 9-11 splice; the Pirates were at home for a week before that happened, and a week after play resumed. The longest "normal" homestand was 16 games, by the Expos in 2003. But in the 1980s and 1990s, there were home stands longer than that.
1:51 PM Jun 24th
 
3for3
I seem to recall the Astros having some absurdly long homestand due to a political convention...
1:48 PM Jun 24th
 
pob14
So the real question that comes out of this is: when the heck was there an 18-game homestand?
9:43 AM Jun 24th
 
mathias2
Baseball simulations like Strat-O-Matic, Replay, APBA, et al. do not include home field advantage in the rules/ratings of the games, so any observed home field advantage would be entirely the strategic advantage of batting last. A handful of oddballs like myself replay entire old seasons with these games and keep very detailed records (I use Replay.). My experience through about 8,000 games played over the last six years is that there is no home field advantage in these games, indicating that no part of HFA is strategic. That doesn't really surprise me; it seems that the team in the field can make just as many strategic decisions based on score/inning situation as the team at bat.
9:14 AM Jun 24th
 
Trailbzr
Good to have you back. I thought you were planning to leave the home page blub up all season to embarrass Dave Fleming.

Some readers might note that a runs differential of 4.83/4.68 should motivate a much lesser home field advantage than is observed (.508 vs .542). But that's because home teams are missing 1/18th of their runs from not batting in the ninth inning half the time, without it affecting results. If we extrapolate 4.83 up to 5.11, Pythagorus projects .550, which actually overshoots a little using an exponent of 2. Using 1.81 lands at .545.
7:30 AM Jun 24th
 
 
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